COMPARATIVE STUDY OF TID SIGNATURES IN GNSS AND IONOSONDE DATA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.71465/jgs36Keywords:
Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances, GNSS TEC, Ionosonde foF2, Ionospheric WavesAbstract
Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances (TIDs) represent a key manifestation of atmospheric wave propagation into the ionosphere, often linked to gravity waves, geomagnetic storms, or lower atmospheric sources. This study presents a comparative analysis of TID detection using Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)-derived Total Electron Content (TEC) data and ionosonde-derived critical frequency (foF2) observations over Pakistan. Data spanning from 2018 to 2023 were examined from GNSS stations in Islamabad and Lahore, and ionosondes located in Karachi and Multan. Both datasets were analyzed using wavelet transforms and spectral analysis. The findings demonstrate consistent detection of medium- and large-scale TID events in both datasets, with GNSS offering better horizontal resolution and ionosondes providing vertical propagation insights. The study supports the integration of these techniques for comprehensive ionospheric monitoring in space weather forecasting.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Dr. Fatima Gul (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
All articles published in the Journal of Geospace Science (JOGSS) are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0). This license allows others to share, copy, distribute, and adapt the work, provided proper attribution is given to the original author(s) and source.